Information Retrieval List Digest 397 (March 16, 1998) URL = http://hegel.lib.ncsu.edu/stacks/serials/irld/irld-397.txt IRLIST Digest ISSN 1064-6965 March 16, 1998 Volume XV, Number 11 Issue 397 ****************************************************************** II. JOBS 1. Public Affairs Information Service (PAIS): Indexer/Abstracter/Editor III. NOTICES A. Publications 1. Reading Electronic Text 2. MT Special Issue on Spoken Language Translation B. Meetings 1. Submit a Sketch to SIGGRAPH 98 2. IEEE Visualization '98 3. 2nd CFP: NLP+IA'98 4. HICSS: Minitracks: Genre in Digital Documents and Understanding Digital Documents 5. Managing Metadata for The Digital Library: Crosswalks or Chaos 6. ANTS'98 - From Ant Colonies to Artificial Ants: First International Workshop on Ant Colony Optimization IV. PROJECTS C. Awards, Fellowshiops, Grants, & Scholarships 1. Minority Scholarship D. Research 1. DL-2 Briefings ****************************************************************** II. JOBS II.1. Fr: Catherine Korvin Re: Public Affairs Information Service (PAIS): Indexer/Abstracter/ Editor The following full-time position is available at Public Affairs Information Service (PAIS), publisher of a public policy database in New York City. INDEXER/ABSTRACTER/EDITOR Public Affairs Information Service, Inc. PAIS--Public Affairs Information Service, Inc., publishers of bibliographic indexes to the literature of social sciences and public policy, is seeking to fill an Assistant Editor position. This position requires experience indexing, abstracting, and editing; an MLS degree; database and Internet searching; knowledge of computer word processing; fluent English; a background in the social sciences or international affairs; and reading knowledge of one of French, German, or Spanish. Outstanding health and fringe benefits. Please send or fax resume and salary requirements to: PAIS C. Korvin, Editor 521 West 43rd Street New York, NY 10036 Fax: (212) 643-2848 E-mail: ck@pais.org ****************************************************************** III. NOTICES III.A.1. Fr: Alfred T. Lee Re: Reading Electronic Text A review of empirical studies of factors affecting the reading of electronic text is available. An abstract can be found at: http://www.netcom.com/~atlee/121296abstract.html Alfred T. Lee, Ph.D., CPE Beta Research, Inc. P.O. Box 2713 Cupertino, CA 95015-2713 Tel: 408.353.2665 Fax: 408.353.6725 Web site: http://www.netcom.com/~atlee/betaresearch.html ********** III.A.2. Fr: Steven Krauwer Re: MT Special Issue on Spoken Language Translation Call for Submissions Machine Translation Special Issue on Spoken Language Translation Guest editor: Steven Krauwer (Utrecht University) Guest editorial board: Doug Arnold (University of Essex) Pascale Fung (HKUST, Hong Kong) Walter Kasper (DFKI, Saarbrucken) Alon Lavie (CMU, Pittsburgh) Lori Levin (CMU, Pittsburgh) Hermann Ney (RWTH, Aachen) Harold Somers (UMIST, Manchester) Some 15 years ago, when Machine Translation had become fashionable again in Europe, few people would be prepared to consider seriously embarking upon spoken language translation research. After all, where both machine translation of written text, and speech understanding and production (despite important achievements) were still quite far from showing robustness in domain-independent applications, it seemed clear that putting three not even halfway understood technologies together would be premature, and bound to fail. Since then, the world has changed. Many researchers, both in academia and in industry, have taken up the challenge to build systems capable of translating spoken language. Does that mean that most of the problems involved in speech-to-text, text-to-text translation, and text-to-speech have been solved? The answer is no: although we have made a tremendous progress, both from a scientific and from a technological point of view, many of the fundamental problems in MT and in speech understanding remain unsolved. Yet a certain degree of optimism is justified here. First of all, it is clear that on the whole general expectations of what MT will do are changing. Where in the past the ultimate goal of MT seemed to be to provide a perfect, but cheaper and faster alternative to the human translator, there is now a clear shift from the ideal of fully automated high quality translation of unrestricted texts to the more practical problem of overcoming the language barriers we encounter in various situations. This shift of focus allows us to partition the problem we address into a series of smaller ones, the solution to which may be within our reach. This applies both to spoken and written language translation. If we look at spoken communication between human beings with different native languages, very often the main success criterion for this communication is not whether or not the individual utterances produced by the participants have been expressed or understood without errors (which will rarely be the case), but rather whether the intended goal of the communication has been attained (hotel room reservation, airline information, etc). This observation is extremely important when we try to set our goals for spoken translation systems. Once we have realized that communication takes place in a specific context, with a specific goal, and have accepted that sentence-by-sentence linguistically correct translation is not a necessary condition for successful multilingual communication, we can start exploiting the full potential of spoken dialogues in human-human and human-machine interaction: the basic structure of dialogues, the ways to control dialogue flow, the possibility for repair. A workshop dedicated to spoken language translation, organized in conjunction with EACL/ACL 1997 in Madrid, showed that there was a keen interest in the topic, and that many acedemic and industrial research teams have interesting results to report. Therefore we feel that the time has come to dedicate a special issue of the journal Machine Translation to this topic, and we are inviting high-quality, previously unpublished research papers addressing problems in the whole field of spoken language translation. (Note: authors who had papers accepted for the Madrid workshop are especially encouraged to submit papers which have developed out of their workshop contributions, though they should note that we do not intend simply to reprint the workshop papers in their original form.) We are especially interested in papers addressing problems or solutions that are typical for spoken language translation (as opposed to written language translation). FORMAT FOR SUBMISSION: Please consult the journal's web pages: home page: http://kapis.www.wkap.nl/journalhome.htm/0922-6567 Instructions for Authors: http://kapis.www.wkap.nl/kaphtml.htm/IFA0922-6567 LaTeX style files: http://kapis.www.wkap.nl/jrnlstyle.htm/0922-6567 Articles should be submitted DIRECTLY TO THE PUBLISHERS, either by e-mail to ELLEN.KLINK@wkap.nl, with the subject header "Submission to COAT Speech special issue", or in hard-copy to either of the following addresses: Machine Translation Machine Translation Editorial Office Editorial Office Kluwer Academic Publishers Kluwer Academic Publishers P.O. Box 990, P.O. Box 230 3300 AZ Dordrecht, Accord, MA 02018-023 The Netherlands U.S.A. The journal is typeset using LaTeX, so the preferred medium for submission of articles in electronic format is LaTeX source (using the Kluwer style file) or gzipped postscript. If submitting hard-copy, four copies of the paper are required. The length of the papers should be approximately 10-20 pages if using the Kluwer style file (around 20k words). Authors are requested to send a copy of an Abstract of not more than 200 words to the guest editor Steven.Krauwer@let.ruu.nl or in hard-copy to Steven Krauwer, Utrecht Institute of Linguistics OTS, Trans 10, 3512 JK Utrecht, The Netherlands SUBMISSION DEADLINE: Submissions should be received by July 1 1998. Papers will be reviewed by at least three members of the editorial board. We are aiming for publication as issue 3 or 4 of volume 13 (Autumn or Winter, 1998). ********** III.B.1. Fr: Dr. David Ebert Re: Submit a Sketch to SIGGRAPH 98 SUBMIT A SKETCH TO SIGGRAPH 98 There's still time to participate in SIGGRAPH 98! Deadline for Sketches is 5pm Eastern Daylight Time, April 1, 1998. Anything related to computer graphics is open for consideration in the Sketches program. Sketches provide a forum for interchange of unique, interesting ideas and techniques in computer graphics. Sketch abstracts will be published in an appropriate SIGGRAPH 98 publication. Submit your latest research, designs, artwork and animations. Sketches are lively presentations of interesting new ideas, unique collaborations, late-breaking results, works in progress, and novel applications of computer graphics techniques and technology. Because their format promotes audience feedback, live demonstrations, and lively discussion, Sketches recapture some of the immediacy and intimacy of the early SIGGRAPH conferences. Sketches are ideal opportunities for artists, designers, animators, or engineers who want to explain how they created their work. There are four Sketch categories (these are intended as a guide -- don't let the fact that your submission does not fall neatly into one of these categories prevent you from submitting a sketch.): Technical Authors are invited to submit descriptions of their latest research works in progress, and technical innovations. Art & Design: Artists and graphic designers are invited to submit descriptions of graphic designs that utilize unique or interesting ideas. Animations: Computer animators are invited to present descriptions of their latest techniques and products for producing animations. Applications: Organizations or individuals are invited to submit proposals for demonstrations or presentations of computer graphics technologies applied in the real world. The emphasis is on the practical use of computer graphics as a tool for solving everyday problems. Each accepted Sketch receives one Conference Access registration and one copy of the appropriate conference publication. For general Sketch information, contact Rick Parent at the address below or see http://www.siggraph.org/s98/cfp/sketches/index.html Rick Parent SIGGRAPH 98 Sketches Chair The Ohio State University Department of Computer and Information Science 395 Dreese Laboratory Columbus, Ohio 43210-1277 USA +1.614.292.0055 sketches-s98@siggraph.org For specific questions about the Technical Sketches program, contact David Ebert at the address below: David S. Ebert SIGGRAPH 98 Technical Sketches Co-Chair University of Maryland Baltimore County CSEE Department, ECS 210 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore, MD 21250 USA +1.410.455.3541 +1.410.455.3969 fax ebert@umbc.edu To request a copy of the Call for Participation, contact: SIGGRAPH 98 Conference Management Smith, Bucklin & Associates, Inc. 401 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA +1.312.321.6830 +1.312.321.6876 fax siggraph98@siggraph.org ********** III.B.2. Fr: Dr. David Ebert Re: IEEE Visualization '98 Submit A Paper To IEEE VISUALIZATION '98 October 18 -23, 1998 Research Triangle Park, NC Paper Submissions (due March 31, 1998): Papers are solicited that present research results related to all areas of visualization. Original papers should be limited to 5,000 words. The submission of NTSC VHS video (up to 5 minutes in length) to accompany the paper is strongly recommended. Please submit 7 copies of all materials. An electronic submission form must be completed for each submission. Accepted papers will be included in the conference proceedings; the videos will be included in the conference video proceedings. For submissions and questions contact: Holly Rushmeier IBM TJ Watson Research Center 30 Saw Mill River Road Hawthorne, NY 10532 Phone: 914-784-7252 Fax: 914-784-7667 Email: holly@watson.ibm.com For more information, please see http://www.csee.umbc.edu/~ebert/vis98 Sincerely, D. Ebert, H. Hagen, and H. Rushmeier Papers Co-Chairs, IEEE Visualization '98 ebert@csee.umbc.edu ********** III.B.3. Fr: Chadia Moghrabi Re: 2nd CFP NLP+IA'98 CALL FOR PAPERS & EXHIBITS Appel aux communications & expositions International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Industrial Applications NLP+IA 98 Special accent on Computer assisted language learning Conference internationale sur le traitement automatique des langues et ses applications industrielles TAL+AI 98 Attention speciale portee a l'enseignement de la langue AUGUST/aout 18 - 20, 1998 Moncton, New-Brunswick, CANADA Come to Canada this summer: IWNLG August 5-7 in Niagara-on-the-Lake Coling-ACL August 10-14 in Montreal NLP+IA/CALL August 18-21 in Moncton TOPICS OF INTEREST: The NLP Study Group (GRETAL) at l'Universite de Moncton is organizing its second international conference on NLP and industrial applications. This year a special attention is given to Computer assisted language learning. Papers are invited on all aspects of natural language processing, including, but not limited to, * computer assisted language learning, * natural language understanding and generation of textual, spoken and hand-written language, * natural language interfaces to databases, expert systems, or industrial applications * machine translation, computer aided translation, translation aids, * syntax, semantics, pragmatics, lexicon, morphology, * dictionaries, corpora, & other language resources * multimodality * multilinguality * NLP industrial applications * papers of every kind that can help bridge the gap between the theory and practice of NLP in general and Language learning in particular. LANGUAGE: Authors are invited to submit preliminary versions of their papers not exceeding 400 words (exclusive of references) either in English or in French, the two official languages of the conference. Proceedings would be published in the language of the submitted texts. SUBMISSION: 1) The first page should be an identification page containing the title, the authors' names, affiliations, addresses, a five (5) keyword list specifying the subject area, a five (5) line summary, and the name and address of the contact person. Title/ Titre: Authors Info/ Auteurs et infos: Keywords/ Mots clefs: Summary/ Resume: Contact Person/ Personne contact: 2) Abstracts should not exceed 400 words in length excluding references (12 pt, times roman, 1 inch margins (2,5 cm) all around; if using A4 please keep text within 19cm x 25,5 cm). 3) The identification page and the abstract should be submitted in 4 HARD COPIES (12 pt, times roman, 1 inch margins (2,5 cm) all around; if using A4 please keep text within 19cm x 25,5 cm) to: NLP+IA 98 / TAL+AI 98 Pr. Chadia Moghrabi GETA, CLIPS, IMAG 385 rue de la Bibliotheque BP 53 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 France Phone: +33 4 76 51 4369 Fax: +33 4 76 51 4405 E-mail: NLP+IA-98@imag.fr 4) The identification page should also be e-mailed in plain text. REFEREEING: All abstracts shall be refereed by three members of the Program committee. SCHEDULE: Submissions are due on April 28th 1998. Notification of receipt will be mailed to the contact person soon after receipt. Authors will be notified of acceptance by 15 June 1998. Camera-ready copies of final full papers must be received by the 1st of August 1998 along with registration fees. Participants are also requested to indicate their intention to participate in the conference as soon as possible to the same e-mail address with the single word INTENTION in the subject line. EXHIBITS: Anyone wishing to arrange an exhibit or present a demonstration should send a brief electronic description along with a specification of physical requirements (table size, power, telephone connections, number of chairs, etc.) to the same address with the single word EXHIBIT in the subject line. ********** III.B.4. Fr: Mike Shepherd Re: HICSS: Minitracks: Genre in Digital Documents and Understanding Digital Documents Deadline for Submission of Abstracts Extended to April 15, 1998 Call for Papers for the Minitrack "Genre in Digital Docouments" Part of the Digital Documents Track of the Thirty-second Annual Hawai'i International Conference on Systems Sciences (HICSS) Maui, HI - January 5 - 8, 1999 We invite papers for a minitrack on "Genre in Digital Documents" as part of the Digital Documents track at the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). It is becoming increasingly clear that the successful use of digital media requires the emergence of new or transformed genres of digital communication. By genres we mean not just particular technologies or modes of communication or presentation (e.g., hypertext, email, the Web, and so on), but complex communicative forms anchored in specific institutions and practices -- the digital analogues, that is, of print forms like the newspaper, the annual report, the how-to manual, the scholarly journal. This includes not just genres replicated from print form, but new and emergent genres that may not have existed in print form. Topics the minitrack will address include, but are not restricted to, * Issues in the transformation of print genres to digital form * Genres in digital search and classification * Genre theory and its application to digital documents * Investigations of genre in use * Analyses of particular document genres * Designing in support of genre * Evolution of genres of digital documents. We invite two kinds of submissions: "position papers" that take on the broad questions of the role of genre in our understanding of digital documents, and case studies, designs, or reports that shed light on particular aspects of digital genres. Please submit your paper to: Michael Shepherd Geoffrey Nunberg Faculty of Computer Science Xerox Palo Alto Research Center Dalhousie University 3333 Coyote Hill Road P.O. Box 1000 Palo Alto, CA 94304 Halifax, Nova Scotia nunberg@parc.xerox.com Canada B3J 2X4 fax: 415-812-4777 shepherd@cs.dal.ca fax: 902-492-1517 Call for Papers for "Understanding Digital Documents" Part of the Digital Documents Track of the Thirty-second Annual Hawai'i International Conference on Systems Sciences (HICSS) Maui, HI - January 5 - 8, 1999 Minitrack chair: James W. Cooper, jwcnmr@watson.ibm.com How do organizations, work groups and individuals understand the contents of digital documents? This minitrack seeks papers on tools, techniques, software, human-computer interactions, knowledge management, or information retrieval focusing on how users understand the contents of digital documents. Possible areas for papers include summarization, categorization, and key-phrase clustering, user interfaces for understanding documents, and studies of how users access documents and intuit their contents without actually reading much of them. Papers from areas of computer science, information retrieval, psychology and sociology are all encouraged. The goal of this minitrack is a fruitful cross-pollination among researchers in disparate areas and the stimulation of new collaborative project ideas that such discussions may generate. This minitrack is open to papers on software, human-computer interactions, knowledge managment, information retrieval and studies of how users grasp the contents of digital documents. It encompasses, but is not limited to, summarization, categorization, and key-phrase extraction and clustering, user interfaces for understanding documents, and studies of how users access information about documents and intuit their contents without actually reading much of them. Papers from areas of computer science, information retrieval, psychology and sociology are all encouraged. DEADLINES: April 15, 1998: 300-word abstract submitted to track chairs or minitrack chairs for guidance and indication of appropriate content. June 1, 1998: Full papers submitted to the appropriate minitrack chair Aug. 31, 1998: Notification of accepted papers mailed to authors. Oct. 1, 1998: Accepted manuscripts, camera-ready, sent to minitrack chair; author(s) must register by this time. Nov. 15, 1998: All other registrations must be received. Registrations received after this deadline may not be accepted due to space limitations. HICSS-32 consists of eight tracks: Collaboration Systems and Technology Track Digital Documents Track Emerging Technologies Track Health Care Track Internet and the Digital Economy Modeling Technologies and Intelligent Systems Organizational Systems and Technology Track Software Technology Track FOR MORE INFORMATION about these tracks and a list of minitracks each consist of, please check the HICSS web page for full listing of the minitracks: http://www.cba.hawaii.edu/hicss Or contact the Track Administrator, Eileen Dennis, at edennis@uga.edu ********** III.B.5. Fr: Joan K Lippincott Re: Managing Metadata for The Digital Library: Crosswalks or Chaos "Managing Metadata for The Digital Library: Crosswalks or Chaos," an institute cosponsored by the Association for Library Collections & Technical Services (ALCTS) and the Library and Information Technology Association (LITA), will be held on May 4-5, 1998, in Washington, D.C., at the Georgetown University Conference Center. The registration deadline is April 17, 1998. ALCTS and LITA are divisions of the American Library Association. Part of the challenge of building digital libraries is developing the metadata infrastructure needed to manage, maintain, and deliver digital materials. Metadata for the digital library encompasses not only traditional cataloging information, but also all of the information necessary to construct, preserve, and control the access to and presentation of digital content. This institute brings together experts in the metadata and digital library fields to present the latest developments, standards, and tools, and to explore the impact of digital library development on our existing catalogs and processes. For additional information or to register, visit http://www.ala.org/alcts/events/institutes/metadata.html or contact Valerie Edmonds at vedmonds@ala.org or call 312 280-4269. ********** III.B.6. Fr: Marco DORIGO Re: ANTS'98 - From Ant Colonies to Artificial Ants: First International Workshop on Ant Colony Optimization ANTS'98 - From Ant Colonies to Artificial Ants: First International Workshop on Ant Colony Optimization Brussels, Belgium, October 15-16, 1998 http://iridia.ulb.ac.be/ants98/ants98.html) SCOPE OF THE WORKSHOP: The behavior of ant colonies and how they coordinate complex activities like foraging and nest building has since long time fascinated researchers in ethology and animal behavior, who have proposed many models to explain these capabilities. Recently, algorithms taking inspiration from the behavior of real ant colonies have been applied to solve many types of optimization problems. This new approach to distributed optimization is known as "Ant Colony Optimization". Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) has been applied successfully to a large number of difficult combinatorial problems like the quadratic assignment and the traveling salesman problems, to routing in telecommunications networks, to clustering and sorting problems, etc. ANTS'98 is the first event entirely devoted to Ant Colony Optimization and more in general to algorithms inspired by the observation of ant colonies behavior. Also of great interest to the workshop are models of ant colonies behavior which could stimulate new algorithmic approaches. The aims are to give researchers in both real ants behavior and in ant colony optimization an opportunity to meet, to present their latest research, and to discuss current developments and applications. The two-day event will be held in Brussels, Belgium, from October 15 to October 16, 1998. In the evening of October 14 there will be a tutorial on ant colony optimization. RELEVANT RESEARCH AREAS: Submissions are invited that describe: (1) Models of aspects of real ant colonies behavior, (2) Empirical and theoretical research in Ant Colony Optimization. Submissions that describe the application of Ant Colony Optimization methods to real-world problems are encouraged. SUBMISSION OF EXTENDED ABSTRACTS: Format: Extended abstracts should be of approximately 3 pages plus one title page (4 pages all together). All accepted abstracts will be presented at the workshop. All attendees will receive a copy of all abstracts that are accepted for presentation at the conference. The title page must contain the title of the paper, the names and addresses of all authors, and the full address of the first author (or the contact person), including phone, fax and e-mail. An electronic version (compressed PostScript) of the title page plus extended abstract, and an electronic version of the title page only (plain ASCII), should be emailed by May 31, 1998 to ants98@iridia.ulb.ac.be. Only if electronic submission is not possible, then authors can send four hard copies of the extended abstract to the Program Chair. REGISTRATION AND FURTHER INFORMATION: Up-to-date information about the workshop will be made available at the ANTS'98 web site (http://iridia.ulb.ac.be/ants98/ants98.html). For information about local arrangements, registration forms, etc., please refer to the above mentioned web site, or contact the local organizer at the address below. A registration fee of BF 6,500 will cover local organization expenses, coffee breaks, and a social dinner on the Thursday 15 evening. IMPORTANT DATES Submission deadline 31 May 1998 Notification of acceptance 15 Jul 1998 Camera ready copy of abstract 1 Sep 1998 Workshop 15-16 Oct 1998 SUBMISSIONS ADDRESS: Extended abstracts should be emailed to: ants98@iridia.ulb.ac.be PROGRAM CHAIR ADDRESS Marco Dorigo, Ph.D. Chercheur Qualifie' du FNRS Tel +32-2-6503169 IRIDIA CP 194/6 Fax +32-2-6502715 Universite' Libre de Bruxelles Secretary +32-2-6502729 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50 http://iridia.ulb.ac.be/dorigo/dorigo.html 1050 Bruxelles http://iridia.ulb.ac.be/ants98/ants98.html Belgium http://iridia.ulb.ac.be/dorigo/ACO/ACO.html LIMITED NUMBER OF PLACES: The number of participants will be limited. If you intend to participate please fill in and send the intention form available at the workshop web page, or drop a line to ants98@iridia.ulb.ac.be. ****************************************************************** IV. PROJECTS IV.C.1. Fr: Beata_Panagopoulos/FS/KSG@KSG.HARVARD.EDU Re: Minority Scholarship The SLA Boston Chapter Affirmative Action Committee proudly announces that it is awarding a $2000 SLA Boston Chapter Minority Scholarship for the 1998-1999 term. To promote diversity in the field of special librarianship and information science, the committee invites students to apply for the scholarship by completing the application form and mailing it to the Chair of the Committee by April 30, 1998. Contact: Betty Eddison Chair, Affirmative Action Committee SLA Boston Chapter Inmagic, Inc. 800 West Cummings Park Woburn, MA 01801 Telephone: (781) 938-4442 Fax: (781) 938-6393 E-mail: beddison@inmagic.com ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: -Member of one of the under-represented minority groups defined by the Federal Office of Personnel Management as African-Americans, Hispanics, Asian-Americans and Pacific Islanders, and American Indian and Alaskan natives. -Accepted or already matriculated in an ALA-accredited graduate library science program. -US citizen or permanent resident AND EITHER resident of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont or Maine OR accepted by or attending ALA-accredited graduate library/information science program in one of the these states. -Demonstrated financial need. To obtain an application, or if you have any questions, contact: Betty Eddison beddison@inmagic.com ********** IV.D.1. Fr: Maria Zemankova Re: DL-2 Briefings Updated information is now available on the NSF Online Document System for the following document (nsf9863): Title: Digital Libraries Initiative - Phase 2 Type: Program Announcements & Information Subtype: Computer/Information Sciences, Crosscutting Programs, Education, Social/Behavioral Sciences Information is available now about East and West Coast Public Briefings. It may be found at: http://www.nsf.gov/cgi-bin/getpub?nsf9863 NSF Custom News Service http://www.nsf.gov/home/cns/start.htm Please send questions and comments to webmaster@nsf.gov ****************************************************************** IRLIST Digest is distributed from the University of California, Division of Library Automation, 300 Lakeside Drive, Oakland, CA. 94612-3550. Send subscription requests and submissions to: nancy.gusack@ucop.edu Editorial Staff: Nancy Gusack nancy.gusack@ucop.edu Cliff Lynch (emeritus) cliff@cni.org The IRLIST Archives is set up for anonymous FTP. Using anonymous FTP via the host ftp.dla.ucop.edu, the files will be found in the directory /data/ftp/pub/irl, stored in subdirectories by year (e.g., data/ftp/pub/irl/1993). Search or browse archived IR-L Digest issues on the Web at: http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/idom/irlist/ These files are not to be sold or used for commercial purposes. Contact Nancy Gusack for more information on IRLIST. THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED IN IRLIST DO NOT REPRESENT THOSE OF THE EDITORS OR THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. AUTHORS ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR MATERIAL.