Information Retrieval List Digest 170 (July 6, 1993) URL = http://hegel.lib.ncsu.edu/stacks/serials/irld/irld-170 IRLIST Digest ISSN 1064-6965 July 6, 1993 Volume X, Number 26 Issue 170 ********************************************************** I. NOTICES A. Meeting Announcements/Calls for Papers AI Review Journal: Call for Papers C. Miscellaneous 1. Speech and Natural Language Program at U. of Sheffield IV. PROJECT WORK C. Abstracts 1. IR-Related Dissertation Abstracts ********************************************************** I. NOTICES I.A.1. Fr: Paul Mc Kevitt Re: Artificial Intelligence Review Journal Call for papers Artificial Intelligence Review Journal Special issue on INTEGRATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE AND VISION PROCESSING Editor: Masoud Yazdani Department of Computer Science University of Exeter, GB- EX4 4PT, Exeter United Kingdom, EC. E-mail: masoud@dcs.exeter.ac.uk Guest Editor: Paul Mc Kevitt Department of Computer Science Regent Court University of Sheffield 211 Portobello Street GB- S1 4DP, Sheffield United Kingdom, EC. E-mail: p.mckevitt@dcs.sheffield.ac.uk Although there has been much progress in developing theories, models, and systems in the areas of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Vision Processing (VP) there has been little progress in integrating these two subareas of Artificial Intelligence (AI). It is not clear why there has not already been much activity in integrating NLP and VP. Is it because of the long-time reductionist trend in science up until the recent emphasis on chaos theory, non-linear systems, and emergent behaviour? Or is it because the people who have tended to work on NLP tend to be in other Departments, or of a different ilk, than those who have worked on VP? Whatever the reason, we believe it is high time to bring together these two areas of AI research. In this endeavour, we are calling for papers for a special issue of AI Review Journal dedicated to site descriptions, surveys, tutorials, and viewpoints on integrated NLP and VP research. Papers should be sent to the addresses below by DECEMBER 30TH, 1993. Feel free to contact Paul Mc Kevitt at the address above for advice on the suitability of manuscripts. The Journals Editorial Office Artificial Intelligence Review Kluwer Academic Publishers P.O. Box 17 NL- 3300 AA, Dordrecht The Netherlands EC. Artificial Intelligence Review P.O. Box 230 Accord, MA 02018-0230 USA. ********** I.C.1. Fr: Yorick Wilks Fr: Speech and Natural Language Program at U. of Sheffield Speech and Natural Language at the University of Sheffield Department of Computer Science The Department of Computer Science at the University of Sheffield in England now has a strong research program in speech and natural language processing, and would still welcome new graduate students for Fall 1993, although all scholarships for this year are now gone. Sheffield is specifically interested in Natural Language Engineering and has established a Centre for Language Engineering involving a number of Departments. The University also has an interdisciplinary program in Cognitive Science and a strong program in Japanese. Sheffield has a number of funded projects in speech and language processing. Such projects are funded by SERC, the European Community and Japanese and American funders. It is believed that we will soon receive a Human Capital and Mobility (HCM) award for research in speech processing. There are at least 15 staff in the Department of Computer Science involved in speech and language processing. The Centre for language Engineering brings in another 10 staff. We have a wealth of experience in speech and language processing as well as computer aided language learning. Goy Brown: auditory models, sound source separation, audition, speech Martin Cooke: auditory models, sound source separation, audition, speech Malcolm Crawford auditory models, sound source separation, audition, speech Robert Gaizauskas models of text, text processing, cognitive science Phil Green: speech processing, neural network models of speech processing, ai approaches to speech processing Mark Hepple: Cognitive Science, Categorial Grammars, Grammatical models Mike Holcombe: formal models of NLP, formal models of user modelling Jim McGregor: user modelling, parsing, Prolog, tutoring systems Paul Mc Kevitt: pragmatics, natural language dialogue, user-computer interfaces, hypermedia, multimedia, user modelling, intention analysis, belief analysis Bob Minors: Modelling arguments in discourse, illogic of argumentation, beliefs processing Tony Simons: machine translation, syntactic parsing, chart parsing, object-oriented parsing Yorick Wilks: Artificial intelligence, natural language understanding, belief pragmatics, lexical computation, parsing, text extraction. Sheila Williams: phenology, pragmatics and intonation, hearing, speech processing The developing programme in natural language processing will seek to link to speech research and also to emphasise multi-lingual text processing applications, pragmatics-based models of belief applied to dialogue, applications of large scale lexical and corpus resources, text correcting and verifying systems, including intelligent teaching systems concerned with language, and computational models of metaphor. The growing Computer Science Department is housed in a new building and has excellent facilities. Sheffield has the best and closest surrounding countryside of any major city in the UK: a good city for walkers, runners, limbers etc. as wellas normal people. Anyone interested in further information should contact yorick@dcs.shef.ac.uk. Applications and requests for forms should go to j.clarke@dcs.shef.ac.uk. ********************************************************** IV. PROJECT WORK IV.C.1. Fr: Susanne M. Humphrey Re: Selected IR-Related Dissertation Abstracts The following are citations selected by title and abstract as being related to Information Retrieval (IR), resulting from a computer search, using BRS Information Technologies, of the Dissertation Abstracts Online database produced by University Microfilms International (UMI). Included are UMI order number, title, author, degree, year, institution; number of pages, one or more Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) subject descriptors chosen by the author, and abstract. Unless otherwise specified, paper or microform copies of dissertations may be ordered from University Microfilms International, Dissertation Copies, Post Office Box 1764, Ann Arbor, MI 48106; telephone for U.S. (except Michigan, Hawaii, Alaska): 1-800-521-3042, for Canada: 1-800-268-6090. Price lists and other ordering and shipping information are in the introduction to the published DAI. An alternate source for copies is sometimes provided. Dissertation titles and abstracts contained here are published with permission of University Microfilms International, publishers of Dissertation Abstracts International (copyright by University Microfilms International), and may not be reproduced without their prior permission. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG92-25599. AU HEYDEN, RICHARD FRANKIE. TI A LITERATURE-BASED LEXICON AND TAXONOMY OF KEY NURSING ADMINISTRATION TERMINOLOGY. IN The University of Texas at Austin Ph.D. 1992, 271 pages. SO DAI V53(04), SecB, pp1785. DE Health Sciences, Nursing. Language, Linguistics. Business Administration, Management. AB Nursing administration is concerned with the organization, production, distribution, and evaluation of nursing services for individuals and communities, and the practitioners and organizational units responsible for those services. The extent to which nurse administrators can perform efficiently is related to the existence of a common terminology or lexicon and taxonomy of their domain. The need for a common terminology has been recognized in nursing administration but systematic efforts to examine the terms in the domain have not been undertaken. The purpose of this study was to identify and define key terms in the nursing administration lexicon and use those terms to delineate a taxonomic structure from the published literature in nursing administration. The research questions were: (1) What are the key domain terms in the lexicon of nursing administration as found in the literature. (2) What are the definitions of the terms. (3) What taxonomic structure best represents the relationships of terms in the nursing administration lexicon. The population was the terminology in published nursing administration journal articles. The study sample was 284 randomly selected articles published from 1985 to 1990 meeting pre-specified criteria for inclusion and found in Nursing Management, Journal of Nursing Administration, Nursing Economics, or Nursing Administration Quarterly. This descriptive study used lexicographic and taxonomic techniques. Articles were electronically scanned, converted to ASCII files, and formatted to assist in selecting key domain terms and developing context-based definitions. A panel of seven experts, using pre-specified criteria, identified eighty-five key terms from a term frequency list. Context-based definitions were developed for each key term using Key-Word-In-Context listings. Coefficients of dissimilarity were developed using paired comparisons of term association profiles and then analyzed with cluster analysis techniques to create a five cluster hierarchical taxonomy. This study was a first step in describing the lexicon and taxonomy of terms in nursing administration. Practitioners will benefit from a more clearly delineated understanding of the terms in use. The findings can also provide a basis for the future development of theoretical knowledge and research. ftn*Support was provided by the National Center for Nursing Research, the National Institutes of Health, Grant F31 NR06398. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG92-23717. AU WOZNY, LUCY ANNE. TI NAVIGATION IN A METAPHORICAL COMPUTER INTERFACE; A STUDY OF ANALOGICAL REASONING AND MENTAL MODELS. IN Drexel University Ph.D. 1992, 126 pages. SO DAI V53(04), SecA, pp973. DE Information Science. Computer Science. Psychology, General. AB Today, many computer systems are designed with a metaphorical user interface, on the assumption that the similarity between the referent and target domains will make the systems easier to learn and use. In fact, research shows that metaphorical similarity is potentially detrimental when solving problems because the computer system cannot be completely isomorphic to the metaphor on which it is drawn. Learners of a "metaphorical" computer system are the subjects in this study. Three primary questions are addressed. First, are there differences in problem solving behavior among learners. Second, can performance differences be attributed to different mental models of the system. Third, can performance differences be traced to the level of a subject's computer knowledge. The data collection instruments are a computer experience survey, screen reconstruction and description exercises, and unobtrusive mouse-click and key stroke monitoring. A metaphorical user interface based on a Yellow Pages directory was developed with both metaphorical and non-metaphorical navigation methods. Sixty-seven subjects solved six tasks without prior training, were trained in a non-metaphorical navigation method, and then solved eight additional tasks. A cluster analysis, analyzing unobtrusive mouse-click data, generates striking results. Three groups of subjects with distinct interaction preferences are evident: metaphorical "page-turning", semi-metaphorical "icon-clicking", and non-metaphorical "page-jumping". While the literature would indicate that increasing computer experience would have a positive effect on experience. Neither are there differences among subjects in the measures of their initial declarative and procedural knowledge of the system. This study indicates that there are significant differences among people introduced to a metaphorical computer system that are not based on prior computer experience or solely on the metaphor employed. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG92-25774. AU YENBAMRUNG, PATAMAPORN. TI THE EMERGING ELECTRONIC UNIVERSITY: A STUDY OF STUDENT COST-EFFECTIVENESS. IN The University of Texas at Austin Ph.D. 1992, 257 pages. SO DAI V53(04), SecA, pp973. DE Information Science. Education, Technology. Library Science. AB This study provides models for assessing the cost-effectiveness for students of electronic university efforts to support administrative decision-making. These models are sufficiently general to apply to different time periods, places, and technological and situational circumstances. The study reviews the electronic university movement, describes operational universities, and reviews student cost-effectiveness in traditional and distance education. Library and information science is the focal disciplinary area of the study. The study progresses in its analysis of student cost-effectiveness from traditional on-campus education, to traditional off-campus education, and then to off-campus electronically based education. The study thus reveals some key characteristics of the new student marketplace that is evolving in the on-going transition from traditional to electronically based higher education. Four models are applied: (1) payback and break-even, (2) return-on-investment, (3) net-present-value, and (4) internal-rate-of-return. The study focuses on assessment of monetary cost-effectiveness at the degree-program level. It briefly discusses the issues of nonmonetary student cost-effectiveness, institutional cost-effectiveness, and joint institutional-student cost-effectiveness. It provides illustrative statistical analyses of student cost-effectiveness. Five sets of data were collected, through questionnaires, interviews, and site visits, from three types of educational settings: on-campus, traditional off-campus, and off-campus electronically based education. The overall analysis reveals both that the various cost-effectiveness models are generally applicable and that they are sufficiently sensitive to support administrative decision-making. Illustrative statistical analysis reveals that off-campus electronically based education can produce marked increases in student monetary and nonmonetary cost-effectiveness. Future research should address: (1) additional dimensions of the emerging higher-education marketplace, (2) the development of more cost-effective educational institutions, programs, and services, (3) optimization of joint institutional-student cost-effectiveness, (4) the development of university consortia for electronic university operations, and (5) program standards, accreditation, and academic quality in the electronic university environment. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG92-25549. AU CISCO, SUSAN LYNN. TI THE ROLE OF RECORDS MANAGEMENT PROFESSIONALS IN OPTICAL DISK-BASED DOCUMENT IMAGING SYSTEMS IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY. IN The University of Texas at Austin Ph.D. 1992, 244 pages. SO DAI V53(04), SecA, pp974. DE Library Science. Business Administration, Management. Information Science. Computer Science. AB The primary purpose of the study was to describe an emerging situation pertaining to the role of records management professionals in optical disk-based document imaging systems in the petroleum industry. The study used both the survey and case study methods. First, a survey was conducted of records management professionals who were members of a special interest group in a professional records management association. Then, interviews were conducted with employees of two petroleum companies with prototypical applications of optical disk-based document image processing technology. Analyses of the data indicated that nearly one third of the 83 companies in the study had implemented one or more document imaging systems. Companies with imaging systems mostly were large (more than 1,001 employees), and mostly were international in scope. Although records management professionals traditionally were delegated responsibility for acquiring, designing, implementing, and maintaining paper-based information systems and the records therein, when records were converted to optical disks, responsibility for acquiring, designing, implementing, and maintaining optical disk-based information systems and the records therein, was delegated more frequently to end user departments and IS/MIS/DP professionals than to records professionals. Records management professionals assert that the need of an organization for a comprehensive records management program is not served best when individuals who are not professional records managers are responsible for the records stored in optical disk-based information systems. Lacking practical experience in the identification and protection of vital records, the creation of retention schedules, and other conventional records management practices, technology managers and end users could leave their organizations unnecessarily exposed to risk from natural and human-made disasters, costly litigation, and unnecessary intervention by regulatory agencies. ********************************************************** IRLIST Digest is distributed from the University of California, Division of Library Automation, 300 Lakeside Drive, Oakland, CA. 94612-3550. 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