Information Retrieval List Digest 130 (September 22, 1992) URL = http://hegel.lib.ncsu.edu/stacks/serials/irld/irld-130 ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 22 Sep 1992 10:39:03 PST Reply-To: "Information Retrieval List" Sender: "Information Retrieval List" From: IRLIST Subject: IR-L Digest, Vol.IX,No.34, Issue 130 IRLIST Digest ISSN 1064-6965 September 22, 1992 Volume IX, Number 34 Issue 130 ********************************************************** I. NOTICES A. Meeting Announcements/Calls for Papers 1. SIGDOC '92, Ottawa, Canada, October 13-16, 1992 C. Miscellaneous 1. Lectures on Computer Technologies and Networking in Baltic Countries II. QUERIES B. Requests for Information 1. References for information search patterns? 2. NetBook: Comments (ref: Isssue 128, I.B.2.) 3. QUERY: Who knows 'GBIP' CD-ROM? IV. PROJECT WORK C. Abstracts 1. IR-Related Dissertation Abstracts ********************************************************** I. NOTICES I.A.1. Fr: Sigdoc92 (S.) Sigdoc92 Re: SIGDOC'92 Advance Program-- 'Going Online' GOING ONLINE The New World of Multimedia Documentation SIGDOC '92 The 10th Annual International Conference Program and Registration October 13-16, 1992, The Westin Hotel, Ottawa, Canada Sponsored by The Association for Computing Machinery, Special Interest Group on Documentation (SIGDOC) in cooperation with Northern Telecom and Bell-Northern Research. For full information, contact the SIGDOC office at SIGDOC92@BNR.CA. PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS: While words will always be important to technical documentation, increasingly they are recognized as only the beginning. New options, in the form of online and multimedia information, are redefining our craft. Technical documents are no longer just "read". By means of hypertext, animation, links to databases, illustrations, and video sequences, documents are "explored". Their "readers" learn from text, graphics, video images, and sound and are guided by their own interests, expertise, and need for information. Readers of multimedia documents become, in effect, co-authors of personally tailored documents that are experienced differently by every reader. Online capabilities are growing to meet our imaginative drive to develop multimedia documents that make complex systems accessible to users. But we must bring to bear on these new forms our experience--in document management, quality control, and presentation techniques--gained through working with printed documentation. We must build on this knowledge and modify it to successfully create the multimedia documents that challenge not only our notions of information presentation, but also our understanding of document form and use. SIGDOC'92 is a conference examining design, process, quality, tools, applications, and costs and benefits of multimedia documentation. Join us as we venture into the new world through --a keynote address by Theodor Holm Nelson --pre-conference tutorials --presentations by speakers from around the world --demonstrations of multimedia documents and tools --opportunities to share your experience and learn from fellow professionals Read on for more information on conference sessions, events, and attractions! VISUAL LITERACY--A CRASH COURSE: This full-day tutorial is for anyone who must communicate detailed or abstract technical information; for instance, technical writers, engineers, programmers, scientists, editors, illustrators, and graphic designers. Among the topics this tutorial will address are: --visual thinking for verbal people--tapping your creativity --what makes good graphics? --how to represent concepts--the language of graphics --showing relationships in tables, charts, and graphs HUMAN FACTORS IN MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATION: This half-day tutorial will explore multimedia from an ergonomic perspective. In making the transition from paper to online documentation, authors and readers have had to face many new usability issues prompted by the way people perceive and process online information. Further issues arise when online information goes beyond simple text and static graphics to incorporate multimedia. This is not a how-to session. It will appeal to professional communicators who are interested in the psychological effectiveness of multimedia for different applications. Tutorial topics include: --sensory competition --cueing, timing, and pacing --attention, distraction, and overloading --the motivational and emotional effects of multimedia HYTIME--A STANDARD FOR MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION: This half-day tutorial will present the elements of the HyTime Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language (ISO Draft International Standard), which provides the standard technical framework for implementing open integrated hypermedia. This tutorial is intended for anyone interested in using international standards to facilitate interchange of hyperdocuments. An understanding of SGML is beneficial for this tutorial, however, the semantics of HyTime can be understood without understanding SGML. CONFERENCE FEE INFORMATION Conference Fees SIGDOC member $325 CDN Non-SIGDOC member $385 CDN Student* $75 CDN *To qualify for the student fee, your registration form must be accompanied by a letter from your department attesting to your full-time student status. Conference fees cover attendance at all conference sessions and the luncheon on Wednesday, October 14, as well as access to all conference exhibits and demonstrations. Attendance at pre-conference tutorials and the SIGDOC banquet are not included in the conference fees. Cancellations: Requests for refunds must be made in writing and must be received by Monday, September 28, 1992. After that date, no refunds will be made. SIGDOC Membership: If you are not currently a member of SIGDOC, you receive a free one-year membership when you register for SIGDOC'92. SIGDOC membership offers you access to a network of documentation specialists, a subscription to the Journal of Computer Documentation, connection with the research in areas of the computer community through ACM, and discounts on ACM publications and activities. This membership begins immediately following the conference and does not entitle you to the member price for pre-conference tutorials. ********** I.C.1. Fr: Algirdas.Pakstas@idt.unit.no Re: Lectures on Computer Technologies and Networking in Baltic Countries Lectures on Computer Technologies and Networking in Baltic Countries Dear Colleagues, Let us introduce ourselves. We are computer scientists from Vilnius, Lithuania (temporarily staying in Trondheim, Norway). We both are working in the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. Main research topics are II.B.3. Fr Michael Schommer [Inf-FSE] Re: QUERY: Who knows 'GBIP' CD-ROM ?? Ladies and gentlemen, I'm looking for some information about the 'GBIP' (a.k.a. 'VLB') database on CD-ROM. Thank you for any hints... A friend of mine owns a small bookstore, and the bookstore owns a PC with a CD-ROM, a CD called 'German Books In Print' ('Verzeichnis lieferbarer Buecher'), and a retrieval software 'gbip' (by Online Computer Systems, Inc.). My friend now wants to offer his customers the opportunity to search for books themselves, but they find the 'gbip' software too difficult. Now he asked me to write a retrieval program easy enough for his customers to use. But - This program needs access to the file 'vlb.dat' which contains all information about the books (it's about 300 MB). As I don't know the structure of this file and its contents, I have (and my program has) no access to the information in this database. If anybody knows something about the structure of this database, please send me mail and write something about it (or even send me an explanation of the structure). Thank you in advance, Michael Schommer AM Glockenturm 10 6750 Kaiserslautern schommer@rhrk.uni-kl.de IRCHNICK: Saari Amateur Radio: DC 3 VR Vox: 0631/78514 Btx: 063178455-0001 "Phantasie ist wichtiger als Wissen!" (Albert Einstein) software engineering for distributed computer systems, methods, and tools for development of distributed software configurations, networking, formal methods, and simulation of message passing systems. We are going to visit the USA in September-October, 1992 for a conference. We also are interested in visiting American universities and give some lectures about our research results as well as about Computer Technologies and Networking in Baltic Countries. Please, let us know if your organizations are interested in such subjects and can be partial sponsors for our visit, at least inside the USA (unfortunately, our host institute in Norway can't provide full funding). Our CVs and abstracts of possible lectures are available on request. Please, reply ASAP by e-mail or by FAX. Our address: Dr.Algirdas Pakstas / Sonata Pakstiene Division of Computer Systems and Telematics (IDT) The Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH) The University of Trondheim (UNIT) N-7034 TRONDHEIM Norway PHONE: +47-7-594460 (secr.) or +47-7-594485 (direct in office); FAX : +47-7-594466; TELEX: 55637 NTHAD.N Email: Algirdas.Pakstas@idt.unit.no Thanks in advance for your cooperation. Sincerely, Algirdas Pakstas, Dr., Senior Scientific Staff Sonata Pakstiene, Junior Scientific Staff ********************************************************** II. QUERIES II.B.1. Fr: Mark C. Langston Re: Ref's for info search patterns? Could someone (anyone) poitn me towards some recent works on search patterns during information retrieval in linear and nonlinear (hyper) texts (expository texts only)? Thanks, Mark C. Langston | "Secrecy is the beginning of tyranny." Psychology Dept. | "Always listen to experts. They'll tell you what can't Memphis State U. | be done, and why. Then do it." "Pftph!" | -From the notebooks of Lazarus Long ********** II.B.2. Fr: Edward Vielmetti Re: NetBook - a Network-based Information Retrieval System (IR-L Digest, Vol.IX,No.32, Issue 128 I.B.2.) I have ordered and used the NetBook software. It is quite simply a version of the free WAIS software with an OSF/Motif graphical user interface for X rather than the ordinary X interface that comes in the free distribution. If you absolutely have to have Motif then I suppose this is the answer; otherwise, the free WAIS code from think.com:/wais/ is much to be preferred. This is not to say that someone might come out with a commercial product based on the WAIS source base that might have significant improvements worth paying for - compatibility with Z39.50/1992, improved indexing routines, support for field-based and boolean searching, better relevance feedback, or a graphical user interface that made some improvements on the existing interfaces. There's room yet for more work. I was disappointed by NetBook, expecting more from it than it delivered. -- Edward Vielmetti Vice President for Research NSEN Inc. 628 Brooks Ann Arbor, MI 48103 313/998-4562 A distributed system is one in which the failure of a computer you didn't even know existed can render your own computer unusable. (Leslie Lamport) ********************************************************** IV. PROJECT WORK IV.C.1. Fr: Susanne M. Humphrey Re: Selected IR-Related Dissertation Abstracts The following are citations selected by title and abstract as being related to Information Retrieval (IR), resulting from a computer search, using BRS Information Technologies, of the Dissertation Abstracts Online database produced by University Microfilms International (UMI). Included are UMI order number, title, author, degree, year, institution; number of pages, one or more Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) subject descriptors chosen by the author, and abstract. Unless otherwise specified, paper or microform copies of dissertations may be ordered from University Microfilms International, Dissertation Copies, Post Office Box 1764, Ann Arbor, MI 48106; telephone for U.S. (except Michigan, Hawaii, Alaska): 1-800-521-3042, for Canada: 1-800-268-6090. Price lists and other ordering and shipping information are in the introduction to the published DAI. An alternate source for copies is sometimes provided. Dissertation titles and abstracts contained here are published with permission of University Microfilms International, publishers of Dissertation Abstracts International (copyright by University Microfilms International), and may not be reproduced without their prior permission. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG92-01780. AU WONG, WAI YEE PETER. TI DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ACCESS METHODS AND HEURISTIC TECHNIQUES FOR IMPLEMENTING DOCUMENT RANKING STRATEGIES. IN THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY (0168) Ph.D. 1991, 135 pages. SO DAI V52(08), SecB, pp4325. DE Computer Science. Information Science. AB The storage and retrieval of text is a very important function in many applications, such as office information systems and library systems. In most text retrieval systems in current use, Boolean search strategies are used to distinguish documents that are to be retrieved from those that should be rejected. However, these strategies have well-known drawbacks. It has been shown that the vector processing system without Boolean operators can be used to overcome the shortcomings of Boolean systems and improve retrieval effectiveness. In this dissertation, we concentrate on the implementation techniques for the tf x idf ranking strategy using vector processing systems. In the inverted file environments, much work has been done to reduce the amount of disk accesses for implementing total document ranking, in which all of the requested number of top documents (e.g., top 20) are guaranteed to be returned. However, none of the proposed algorithms is able to yield significant performance gain. Therefore, one important issue is to pursue techniques for implementing partial document ranking, in which some (not necessarily all) of the requested number of top documents are returned. In this dissertation, two new search algorithms in inverted file environments are proposed and evaluated. Moreover, estimation methods are proposed to approximate the number of top documents obtained by the new algorithms at different retrieval points. The implementation of ranking in the signature file environments is also investigated. One important issue is to incorporate term weights in signatures so that the degree of retrieval effectiveness can be increased. Two methods for organizing and searching signature files are proposed and evaluated. The processing costs and storage overheads between the inverted files and the new signature file methods are compared in details. Since the use of signature files for implementing this ranking strategy is rather primitive, we only concentrate on total document ranking. The contributions of this dissertation are as follows. In the inverted file environments, the new methods are able to obtain a majority of top documents without performing a large amount of I/O operations. In the signature file environments, the new methods allow the implementation of the tf x idf ranking strategy so that retrieval effectiveness can be increased. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADGDX-94384. AU ZHANG, YUGUO. TI ON COUPLING PROLOG TO A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND AN ASSOCIATED DESIGN METHOD. IN University of York (United Kingdom) Ph.D. 1990, 331 pages. SO DAI V52(09), SecB, pp4845. DE Computer Science. Artificial Intelligence. AB Available from UMI in association with The British Library. Our research work is concerned with coupling C-Prolog, a Prolog interpreter written in C, and Db++, a relational database management system written in C, on VAX machines under the UNIX operating system to develop a tool called CPD for KBSs, in particular LSKBSs development and developing a methodology that links structured systems analysis, formal system specification in Z and system implementation in CPD, to form a logical model of the problem domain under investigation. The problem domain is mainly concerned with computer-based systems which may be: (1) The development of a knowledge-based system (an expert system). (2) The development of an information system for an organization. (3) The representation of decision modeling, especially in regard to managerial activities within an organization. (4) The development of application systems such as CAD/CAM, office automation and military command and control etc. This thesis is mainly concerned with the implementation of the CPD system and the development of an associated methodology which consists of methods of structured systems analysis, formal system specification and logic programming. The linking of data flow diagrams, E-R diagrams, formal specification in Z and system implementation in CPD gives the basis for constructing a logical model of the problem domain. The methodology is introduced through the analysis and design of the library management system (LMS). As an example, Computer Aided Visitor Information And Retrieval system (CAVIAR) has been implemented by using the proposed methodology. The implementations of the LMS and CAVIAR are powerful evidence that the methodology is a flexible and effective tool for designing hybrid computer-based systems, especially, knowledge-based systems. (Abstract shortened by UMI.). ********************************************************** IRLIST Digest is distributed from the University of California, Division of Library Automation, 300 Lakeside Drive, Oakland, CA. 94612-3550. Send subscription requests to: LISTSERV@UCCVMA.BITNET Send submissions to IRLIST to: IR-L@UCCVMA.BITNET Editorial Staff: Clifford Lynch lynch@uccmvsa.ucop.edu or calur@uccmvsa.bitnet Nancy Gusack ncgur@uccmvsa.bitnet Mary Engle meeur@uccmvsa.bitnet The IRLIST Archives will be set up for anonymous FTP, and the address will be announced in future issues. 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AUTHORS ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE CONTENTS OF THEIR SUBMISSIONS TO IRLIST. ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 29 Sep 1992 10:45:41 PST Reply-To: "Information Retrieval List" Sender: "Information Retrieval List" From: IRLIST Subject: IR-L Digest, Vol.IX,No.35, Issue 131 IRLIST Digest ISSN 1064-6965 September 29, 1992 Volume IX, Number 35 Issue 131 ********************************************************** I. NOTICES C. Miscellaneous 1. Distinguished Lecturship: W. Bruce Croft II. QUERIES B. Requests for Information 1. Re: II.B.1., Issue 129 2. Automated Scheduling? IV. PROJECT WORK C. Abstracts 1. IR-Related Dissertation Abstracts ********************************************************** I. NOTICES I.C.1. Fr: Amy Wang Re: Prof. Bruce Croft on "Putting Information Retrieval to the Test" [The following has been cross-posted to ASIS-L, IR-L, LIBRES, & PACS-L for someone who does not have Internet access. Apologies for the duplication.] NJ/ASIS Distinguished Lectureship - W. Bruce Croft October 14, 1992 The New Jersey Chapter of the American Society for Information Science proudly announces Professor W. Bruce Croft of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst as the recipient of its eighth annual Distinguished Lectureship award. New Jersey established this award in 1985 to honor individuals who have made significant contributions to the field of information science. You are cordially invited to attend the events surrounding the presentation of this award. COLLOQUIUM: W. Bruce Croft, "Current Research at the University of Massachusetts Information Retrieval Laboratory." He will present and discuss recent results from IR research including the use of phrases in retrieval, automatic thesaurus construction, the inference net retrieval model, and integration with database systems. PROGRAM: NJ/ASIS Distinguished Lectureship Award - W. Bruce Croft, "Putting Information Retrieval to the Test: Experiences from the TIPSTER Project." This talk will focus on the DARPA-funded TIPSTER project in which IR techniques are evaluated using large, full-text databases in English and Japanese. The early experiences from this project will be discussed, along with the potential impact of this work on the development of commercial systems. For complete information contact: Amy Wang ********************************************************** II. QUERIES From: Gordon Joly Re: Request for Info on Multi-user On-line Bibliographies Issue 129, II.B.1. Please note that email to sasha@uswest.com is failing (the user has gone away). My apologies, and I will collect replies and wait for a contact from them. >> II.B.1. >> Fr: Gordon Joly >> Re: Request for Info on Multi-user On-line Bibliographies. >> >> Please reply via email to sasha@uswest.com ********** II.B.2. Fr: Bill Sherman, NL x6210 Re: Automated Scheduling? Hi -- here at NUWC (NUSC is the old name) we've got a lab with lots of equipment, and lots of users that reserve time with the equipment. All the scheduling has been done by hand. I'd like to see if anybody is using some off-the-shelf or some custom designed software to streamline and improve the process. Bill ********************************************************** IV. PROJECT WORK IV.C.1. Fr: Susanne M. Humphrey Re: Selected IR-Related Dissertation Abstracts The following are citations selected by title and abstract as being related to Information Retrieval (IR), resulting from a computer search, using BRS Information Technologies, of the Dissertation Abstracts Online database produced by University Microfilms International (UMI). Included are UMI order number, title, author, degree, year, institution; number of pages, one or more Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) subject descriptors chosen by the author, and abstract. Unless otherwise specified, paper or microform copies of dissertations may be ordered from University Microfilms International, Dissertation Copies, Post Office Box 1764, Ann Arbor, MI 48106; telephone for U.S. (except Michigan, Hawaii, Alaska): 1-800-521-3042, for Canada: 1-800-268-6090. Price lists and other ordering and shipping information are in the introduction to the published DAI. An alternate source for copies is sometimes provided. Dissertation titles and abstracts contained here are published with permission of University Microfilms International, publishers of Dissertation Abstracts International (copyright by University Microfilms International), and may not be reproduced without their prior permission. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG92-03024. AU CARLI, NANETTE MARIE. TI KEY THEORETICAL, PHILOSOPHICAL, AND METHODOLOGICAL CONCEPTS ADDRESSED IN TWO MAJOR AMERICAN ART EDUCATION PUBLICATIONS FROM 1948 THROUGH 1988. IN Illinois State University Ed.D. 1991, 130 pages. SO DAI V52(08), SecA, pp2795. DE Education, Art. Education, History of. AB This investigation attempted to identify the origin of theoretical, philosophical, and methodological concepts through frequency of inclusion in the journals, Art Education and Studies in Art Education, from 1948 through 1988. The study pertained to American art education, kindergarten through the twelfth grade. By focusing on the past, present fragmentary belief systems and practices may be better understood by art educators. The related literature search did not reveal any studies concerning the development of conceptual patterns or trends. Thus, the data generated from this study may, in part, compensate for the omission of information on conceptual development in the field of art education. The ten concepts identified through related literature and relevant selected journals were: aesthetic education, art for special needs, creativity, environmental influences/ecology, evaluation, humanistic education, integrated activities/interdisciplinary approach, multicultural education, sensory perception, and emergent trends. These concepts and related subdescriptors were cited in the Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors and the Education Index. Three forms of article identification and categorization were necessary for this investigation: a panel of 22 independent raters evaluated articles that appeared prior to indexing from 1948 through June of 1961, the Education Index was used from July of 1961 through 1969, and the Educational Resource Index Center was utilized for article identification from 1970 through 1988. A total of 1,115 pertinent publications were identified, categorized, charted, and analyzed. The frequency distribution of each concept and subdescriptor was determined from 1948 through 1988 and by selected decades. Frequency distribution charts were utilized to identify possible trends or patterns. Those categories cited most consistently in the selected journals were aesthetic education, evaluation, and emergent trends. In descending order of inclusion were art for special needs, integrated activities/interdisciplinary approach, creativity, sensory perception, humanistic education, multicultural education, and environmental influences/ecology. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG92-07902. AU STEINBERG, GEOFFREY. TI A METHODOLOGY FOR ASSISTING THE NOVICE END-USER TO DEVELOP SMALL SYSTEMS THROUGH AUTOMATIC SCHEMA AND CODE GENERATION AND PROTOTYPING. IN Temple University Ph.D. 1991, 218 pages. SO DAI V52(09), SecA, pp3159. DE Education, Business. Computer Science. AB The term software crisis reflects the increasing difficulty of software developers in meeting user requirements in a timely fashion. Spending more time on the requirements analysis stage has been suggested as the best solution for ensuring that a finished system meets user requirements and for reducing the lifetime cost of software. End-users develop systems often without performing a thorough system analysis. End-users may also have difficulty understanding complex databases (relationships among multiple tables). There are gaps in the availability of tools and techniques for addressing end-user class systems. This dissertation experimentally examines a model which addresses this gap and extends the concepts developed in recent research for preparing logical schemes. The new model represents a methodology for developing a complete system prototype by the end-user. The user enters specifications in English sentences that are automatically converted into a logical database schema. User validation of the schema is provided for, and code is automatically generated to provide a prototype for maintaining the relationships in the schema. Two feedback loops (in technical domain and user domain) are included that allow the user to cycle through the phases of the methodology, until a satisfactory application prototype is developed. Validation of the model involved demonstrating that it performs schema modification operations in accordance with relational theory. It was also demonstrated that it could be employed by end-users for developing a real and complete DBMS based application. Feedback was shown to be significantly important to the users performance, but the contribution of user domain feedback, although higher than that of technical domain feedback, was not shown to be significantly different. That finding suggests that the time and complexity of different. That finding suggests that the time and complexity of technical domain feedback can be eliminated while providing the information that end-users require to properly design database schemes. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG91-32430. AU CHANG, CHING-KUCH. TI THE EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY, NEED FOR COGNITION, AND ORIENTATION TOWARD LEARNING ON INFORMATION SEARCH STRATEGIES. IN Purdue University Ph.D. 1991, 178 pages. SO DAI V52(09), SecA, pp3222. DE Education, Psychology. Information Science. AB The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of several cognitive and personality variables (e.g., cognitive complexity, need for cognition, and orientation toward learning) on information search strategies and to identify different types of information searchers. Thirty-two college students spent approximately 30 minutes interacting with a multi-media, hyperstack computer program on the Vietnam War. No constraints were put on the subjects as they searched through this loosely-structured yet information-rich environment. Through examining think-aloud protocols and video records of subjects' on screen responses, it was possible to determine, at a descriptive level, the kinds of search strategies subjects were employing as they moved through the HyperCard program. It was found that subjects high in cognitive ability and motivation formulated more issue-relevant questions, chose more concept-oriented topics, made fewer sequential movements, and wrote more cognitively complex summaries following their information searches than subjects low in cognitive ability and motivation. These two groups of subjects did not differ, however, in the amount of time they spent on each topic or in the number of index versus keyword movements they made between topics. Finally, four types of information searchers were identified: the Aimless Wanderer, the Fact Retriever, the Casual Investigator, and the Integrative Analyst. These four types of information searchers differed in their levels of cognitive ability and motivation as well as in the types of questions guiding their information searches. They also differed in their orientation to the subject matter, approaching it either actively or passively, and in the extent to which they attempted to integrate retrieved information. The results of the present study validate Petty and Cacioppo (1986) conceptualizations concerning central versus peripheral route processing and apply these types of processing to the domain of information search strategies. Moreover, the results of the present study also extend McDaniel and Lawrence's (1990) conceptualizations concerning levels of cognitive complexity and describe the effects of these levels on information search strategies. Furthermore, the results of the present study can be directly applied to the field of education and the domain of computer-human interactions. Finally, avenues of future research are discussed. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG92-06013. AU MAIDENBERG, EMANUEL. TI EXPERTISE IN ONLINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. IN University of California, Los Angeles Ph.D. 1991, 207 pages. SO DAI V52(09), SecA, pp3225. DE Education, Psychology. Education, Technology. Library Science. AB New information technologies offer the promise of major improvements in human problem-solving skills. Whether or not this promise will be achieved depends on the development of a better theoretical understanding of information-seeking behavior and using this knowledge to improve online systems. This research is driven by these fundamental considerations. A particular interest was in the process of subject-based searches where users search for unknown documents on certain topics of interest in an online database. The assumption underlying this research was that responsive systems should incorporate functional behaviors of an expert in online information retrieval. The major objectives of the research were: (1) to analyze those behaviors correlated with success in online searching (User-System study), and (2) to identify the functions which must be performed by the human intermediary in order to successfully interact with the user (User-Librarian study). In the User-System study, 15 experienced searchers and 15 novices were compared on search outcome and search process variables. In the User-Librarian study, 15 interactions between librarians and users who required assistance in searching for information were observed and analyzed. The primary method was to make video recordings of user/system interactions and audio recordings of user/librarian interactions in online searches and to subject the transcripts to detailed functional analysis. In the User-System study, the main results were that, as expected, experienced searchers performed significantly better than novice searchers. The search process measures revealed considerable differences between the two groups: novices had more difficulties in developing appropriate search terms and operating the system, employed less effective term-refinement strategies, and did not have enough previous knowledge to rely upon while searching. Searchers' difficulties as well as knowledge components needed for successful search were identified. In the User-Librarian study, assistance strategies and knowledge resources used by librarians in the process of search consultation were studied in depth. Functional stages of the online search process were defined and a taxonomy of heuristics employed by librarians at each of the stages was developed. Implications of the findings for the development of a more responsive information retrieval system were outlined. AN This item is not available from University Microfilms International ADG05-70849. AU HWANG, HAE-YOUNG RIEH. TI APPLICATION OF CITATION ANALYSIS TO NATIONAL STI POLICY: A CASE STUDY OF KOREAN SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING. IN Simmons College D.A. 1991. SO DAI V52(09), SecA, pp3113. DE Information Science. AB Numerous studies, including a few set in Korea, have investigated scientists' and engineers' needs for and uses of STI. However, no study has investigated scientists and engineers in electrical and electronics engineering nor has published policy research in general drawn on citation analysis. This study investigated citation patterns of publications by Korean scientists and engineers in electrical and electronics engineering, a field of importance to Korea. The objectives of the study were: to identify the citation behavior of this group of scientists and engineers; to compare their citation behavior in government, universities, and industry/companies; and to compare the citation patterns exhibited by articles taken from Korean and non-Korean publications. As sources to derive citations, Korean Periodicals Index (KPI) and the INSPEC database were selected, based on a consideration of the advantages and disadvantages associated with different methods of source selection. A random sample of Korean scientists' and engineers' publications were drawn for the years of 1986-1989. Some 189 articles indexed in INSPEC and 235 articles indexed in KPI yielded 3,414 citations. Based on the study findings, the significance of the citation behavior of Korean scientists and engineers was examined in light of STI policy formulation and review, as well as for the provision of library and information center services. Taking into account current Korean STI plans, it was recommended that study findings be incorporated into Korean database and network construction, and that informal networks among scientists and engineers be strengthened. Korea needs to create a national STI center and develop guidelines for effective utilization of STI networks and STI related research. Overall, it was concluded that citation analysis could be a useful methodology for STI policy formulation and review. Citation analysis definitely provides information useful in collection development and the provision of library and information center services. Finally, recommendations for future research were offered. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG91-29106. AU RUHLEDER, KAREN. TI INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AS INSTRUMENTS OF SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION: THE COMPUTERIZATION OF CLASSICAL SCHOLARSHIP. IN University of California, Irvine Ph.D. 1991, 288 pages. SO DAI V52(09), SecA, pp3113. DE Information Science. Computer Science. AB Computer-based technologies are often seen as instruments that effect radical transformation within workplaces; these transformations are expressed through utopian or dystopian visions of empowered knowledge workers or electronic sweatshops. Visions, however, do little to examine the evidence for and the nature of such transformations. In what ways do new computer-based technologies re-form and re-shape the nature, structure, and organization of work. In particular, how do these technologies affect a domain of work which is abstract in nature and consists of the evaluation and amalgamation of many diverse information sources. diverse information sources. This dissertation reports on an empirical study of the impact of information technologies on a specific class of knowledge workers, classical scholars. My goal is to understand the phenomenon of change due to increased use of information technologies from the point of view of the members of this social world. In order to do this; I will follow the procedures for data collection and analysis of the grounded theory approach as developed by Anselm Strauss and his associates. I employ the social worlds perspective as an organizing framework. In subsequent chapters, I consider the diffusion of a particular set of computer-based research tools within the discipline and subsequent changes to individuals' work patterns, task definition and interactions within and without the discipline. I further evaluate changes in the accessibility of information and the attendent impact on social and organizational structures. Finally, I describe the emergence of electronic communities and new domains of work as information and communication technologies become more prevalent. ********************************************************** IRLIST Digest is distributed from the University of California, Division of Library Automation, 300 Lakeside Drive, Oakland, CA. 94612-3550. 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