Information Retrieval List Digest 113 (May 26, 1992) URL = http://hegel.lib.ncsu.edu/stacks/serials/irld/irld-113 ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 26 May 1992 14:47:01 PST Reply-To: "Information Retrieval List" Sender: "Information Retrieval List" From: IRLIST Subject: IR-L Digest, Vol.IX, No.17, Issue 113 IRLIST Digest May 26, 1992 Volume IX, Number 17 Issue 113 ********************************************************** I. NOTICES A. Meeting Announcements/Calls for Papers 1. Int'l. Conference of Computers and Learning, Nova Scotia, June 17-20, 1992. 2. Workshop on Future Generation of NLP, Manchester, England, July 30-31, 1992 B. Publications Announcements 1. St. Petersburg (Russia) Business News via FAX C. Miscellaneous 1. Correction to IR-L Digest Issue 112 III. JOB ANNOUNCEMENTS 1. Software Engineering Group Leader, Jackson Laboratory IV. PROJECT WORK C. Abstracts 1. IR-Related Dissertation Abstracts ********************************************************** I. NOTICES ********** I.A.1. Fr: Elammari <852028e@dragon.acadiau.ca> Re: ICCAL'92 International Conference of Computers and Learning, Workshop on Computers in Science Education and Training, Acadia University, June 15-17-20 After Calgary, Dallas, and Germany, the International Conference on Computers and Learning, ICCAL'92, will be held at Acadia University, Nova Scotia, June 17-20, 1992. The program includes 45 full papers, 29 short papers, six invited speakers from Canada, USA, and Europe, workshops, tutorials, panels, and a session on work in progress open to all participants. Presenters of accepted papers come from Canada, USA, Belgium, France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Eng- land, South Africa, Japan, Australia, China, and Hong-Kong. Workshops and tutorials cover Authoring Languages, Artificial Intelligence and Education, and Computer Assisted Language Learning. Panels on Authoring Systems, AI in Education, and the state of multimedia technology will also be included. Invited lectures include "Why Hypermedia systems are important" by Dr. H. Maurer from Austria, "Building Knowl- edge Based Tutors" by Dr. B. Woolf from the University of Massachusetts, "Education by Engagement and Construction" by Dr. B. Shneiderman from the University of Maryland, "Structures of Advanced Multimedia Learning Environments" by Dr. J. Murray from MIT, "Project CALC: Calculus as a Laboratory Course" by Dr. L. Moore, Duke University, and "Adjusting to the Paradigm Shift in Teaching and Learning" by Dr. M. Petruk, University of Alberta. The areas covered in the conference range from theoreti- cal to practical with sessions dedicated to Authoring and Learning Systems, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Human Computer Interfaces, Knowledge Based Systems, Applications, Computer Assisted Language Learning, Evaluation, and Distance Education. On June 15 and 16, the conference is preceded by a separately organized two-day workshop featuring invited presen- tations on uses of computers in teaching science courses, and a round table discussion. Inexpensive accommodation in university residences on the beautiful Acadia University campus is available for both events. Accommodtion in local hotels is available too. Registration is $280 for the conference and $30 for the workshop. For details, contact Dr. Ivan Tomek, Jodrey School of Computer Science, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada, B0P 1X0. phone: (902) 542-2201, fax: (902) 542-4699, e-mail: iccal@AcadiaU.ca COME AND JOIN US FOR THIS HIGH CALIBER INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN THE COSY ATMOSPHERE OF WOLFVILLE, NOVA SCOTIA ********** I.A.2. Fr: Melina Alexa Re: Workshop on the Future Generation of Natural Language Processing WORKSHOP ON THE FUTURE GENERATION OF NLP (FGNLP) TOPIC: RULE-BASED VS CORPUS-BASED/EXAMPLE-BASED/STOCHASTIC APPROACHES IN NLP HOST: CENTRE FOR COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS UMIST 30-31 JULY 1992 VENUE: HOTEL DOMINION, MANCHESTER, ENGLAND *********************************************************** THE WORKSHOP IS LIMITED TO 50 PARTICIPANTS, THEREFORE EARLY BOOKING IS ADVISED ************************************************************ This Workshop is the second in the FGNLP series organised under the aegis of the ATR Research Centre, in Japan. The Workshop is for researchers throughout the world to discuss recent developments in corpus-based, example-based, stochastic aproaches to NLP, to compare this paradigm with the knowledge-based and more conventional rule based approach, to assess future trends both at the research and commercial level and to engage in technical discussions on a range of topics of interest to the community at large. Issues to be addressed will include: corpus based techniques, example (memory)based MT, knowledge based paradigm, strongly linguistics-oriented NLP, applications of new computing techniques ,i.e. massively parallel computing/connectionism, possibilities of integrating different approaches. Ten speakers have been invited from Japan, USA and the UK, to talk about: (1) commercial experience in NLP (2) the most recent developments in prominent research centers and (3) the ATR research programme. The Workshop is centred around 10 talks followed by discussions and ending with a 2 hour wrap-up panel discussion, focusing on the main issues addressed by the speakers: V. Della Pietra (IBM Watson Research Centre, USA) Osamu Furuse & Hitoshi Iida (ATR, Japan) TRANSFER-DRIVEN MACHINE TRANSLATION Hiroaki Kitano (NEC, Japan) UTILITY OF MASSIVELY PARALLEL COMPUTING PLATFORM IN NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING Louisa Sadler (Univ. of Essex, U.K.) `RULE BASED' TRANSLATION AS CONSTRAINT RESOLUTION G. Leech (Univ. of Lancaster, U.K.) MANUAL, AUTOMATIC AND MACHINE ASSISTED CORPUS ANNOTATION: THE LANCASTER EXPERIENCE M. Marcus (Univ. of Pennsylvania, USA) Makoto Nagao (Univ. of Kyoto, Japan) HOW TO USE EXAMPLE TRANSLATIONS IN ANALOGY-BASED MACHINE TRANSLATION Sergei Nirenburg (CMU, USA) Yves Schabes (Univ. of Pennsylvania, USA) Jun-ichi Tsujii (UMIST, U.K.) AQUISITION OF LINGUISTIC KNOWLEDGE FROM TEXTS A wrap-up panel discussion will close the workshop with Prof. A. Joshi (Univ. of Pennsylvania, USA), T. McEnery (Univ. of Lancaster, U.K.), and some other selected participants being part of the panel. FOR COMPLETE INFORMATION CONTACT: PROGRAMME ORGANISER : Sofia ANANIADOU Centre for Computational Linguistics UMIST PO Box 88 Sackville Street Manchester M60 1QD tel: +44.61.200.3084 (direct) email: effie@ccl.umist.ac.uk fax : +44 61 200 3099 ASSISTANT ORGANISER : Melina ALEXA Centre for Computational Linguistics tel: +44.61.200.3109 (direct) email: melina@ccl.umist.ac.uk fax : +44 61 200 3099 ********** I.B.1. Fr: James W. Reese Re: St. Petersburg (Russia) Business News via FAX BUSINESS NEWS FROM ST.PETERSBURG The "St. Petersburg Business News" was established in August 1991 by External Affairs Committee of the Mayor's office in order to more effectively distribute information about business in St. Petersburg. The St. Petersburg Business Agency is responsible for distribution of the News via E-mail and on June 1 Agency will begin distributing the News via Fax- mail also. Currently, the Agency distributes the St. Petersburg Business News in Russian every weekday (15-30 kilobytes daily) and in English (9-11 kilobytes twice a week). The News contains a digest of business information extracted from Russian and St. Petersburg morning newspapers, TV and radio programmes, reports from the News' own correspondents and the Mayor's Office, official reports and documents from various sources as well as other general information of interest to the business community. As a subscriber to the News, you may special order additional information form the Agency regarding laws, regulations and decrees of the City Council and the Mayor's Office and may receive special personal consultations with the highly skilled and knowledgeable staff of the Agency regarding foreign investment, establishing joint ventures, intellectual property protection, and technology transfer. Detailed analytical reviews of the St. Petersburg economic situation including commentaries and forecasts will also be periodically available to subscribers. In order to receive the News, please reply to the editor. Please be sure to include your reply E-mail or/and fax where the bulletin should be sent. As soon as we receive your request the sample of issue and the material about procedure of subscription will be sent to you. Contact: Elena Artyomova P.O. Box 589, 190000 St.Petersburg, Russia Phone: (812) 278-19-04, (812) 278-18-12 Fax: (812) 278-16-33 Telex: 121465 LSWS SU E-mail: esa@cfea.ecc.spb.su (Internet), spbeac@sovamsu.sovusa.com (SFMT) ********** I.C.1. Fr: N. Gusack, moderator Re: Correction to IR-L Digest Issue 112 Item II.B.1. in Issue 112 requests information on graphics memory. Hassan Alam was mistakenly given as the requestor. Replies should be made either directly to the IR-L Digest or to portal!cup.portal.com!Sentinel@uunet.uu.net. ********************************************************** III. JOB ANNOUNCEMENTS III.1. Fr: John Guidi Re: Software Engineering Group Leader Jackson Laboratory Software Engineering Group Leader The Jackson Laboratory and the Mouse Genome Informatics Project seek a Software Engineering Group Leader to oversee design and implementation of a database of genetic and physical mapping information, analytical routines, graphical interfaces, and display tools that support the use of the laboratory mouse as a model for human genetic diseases. This Project, which is a fully funded component of the NIH Human Genome Program, will establish a comprehensive, centralized information resource for the genetics research community. The scientist will be the senior computing scientist in a group including software engineers, geneticists, and molecular biologists. Applicants with a Ph.D. degree in computer science are strongly preferred. Broad technical experience in data management, relational and object-oriented databases, graphical user interfaces, and data visualization is required. Preference will be given to those who have managed software teams in a scientific environment. Application deadline: open until filled. Apply to Dr. Joseph H. Nadeau, Project Leader, Mouse Genome Informatics Project, Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St., Bar Harbor, Maine 04609. E-mail: jhn@jax.org The Jackson Laboratory is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer ********************************************************** IV. PROJECT WORK IV.C.1. Fr: Susanne Humphrey Re: IR-Related Dissertation Abstracts The following are citations selected by title and abstract as being related to Information Retrieval (IR), resulting from a computer search, using BRS Information Technologies, of the Dissertation Abstracts Online database produced by University Microfilms International (UMI). Included are UMI order number, title, author, degree, year, institution; number of pages, one or more Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) subject descriptors chosen by the author, and abstract. Unless otherwise specified, paper or microform copies of dissertations may be ordered from University Microfilms International, Dissertation Copies, Post Office Box 1764, Ann Arbor, MI 48106; telephone for U.S. (except Michigan, Hawaii, Alaska): 1-800-521-3042, for Canada: 1-800-268-6090. Price lists and other ordering and shipping information are in the introduction to the published DAI. An alternate source for copies is sometimes provided. Dissertation titles and abstracts contained here are published with permission of University Microfilms International, publishers of Dissertation Abstracts International (copyright by University Microfilms International), and may not be reproduced without their prior permission. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG91-20480. AU ATKINSON-WEAKS, ADRINE HIRANISE. TI SOME APPLICATIONS OF MANUAL AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY TO LEGAL RESEARCH IN LAW LIBRARIES: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION. IN University of Pittsburgh Ph.D. 1990, 169 pages. SO DAI V52(02), SecA, pp329. DE Library Science. AB The study attempts to be a careful investigation of computer legal retrieval of information as opposed to standard manual systems of legal research. It compared manual and computer research techniques and the results obtained from each from selected legal problems. It also compared their speed, accuracy, and user level of satisfaction. It looked at accuracy and effectiveness to assess the significance of computerized legal research methods. Under the auspices of the University of North Carolina School of Law, this experiment was administered to all of the students taking the Law Libraries and Legal Information course for the spring 1990 school term. The students conducted two searches on predetermined topics. Half of the class conducted the manual searches with the other half conducting Lexis searches. Six major hypotheses are stated in the null form and are used as a basis for the study. They are: (1) There is no significant difference between the speed of legal information retrieval done manually or by computer. (2) There is no significant difference between the accuracy of legal information retrieval done manually or by computer. (3) There is no significant difference between the number of search words used in both methods. (4) There is no significant difference between the level of user satisfaction in the two methods. (5) There is no significant difference between the user's number of cases retrieved in the two methods. (6) There is no significant difference between the independent variable task and the following descriptive words, (a) accurate, (b) boring, (c) complete, (d) quick, (e) restrictive, and (f) satisfying. The effect of the independent variable task (method of research) and its effect on the dependent variables, i.e. speed, accuracy, number of search words, satisfaction rating, and the number of cases were analyzed. The ANOVA tests were performed on the hypotheses to provide analyses of variance. The level of significance was 0.05. The findings were that the students conducting Lexis research received a higher accuracy rating, used a larger number of search words, retrieved a larger number of cases, and when asked to rate the word quick in describing their work gave quick a higher rating as compared to the manual research students. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG91-19781. AU PETERS, STEPHEN HENRY. TI CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOURCES USED BY AMERICAN HISTORIANS WRITING ON THE HISTORY OF MODERN GERMANY. IN Indiana University Ph.D. 1990, 217 pages. SO DAI V52(02), SecA, pp330. DE Library Science. Information Science. History, Modern. Literature, American. AB Previous citation analyses of history have examined the characteristics of sources used by historians writing about their own countries. This study looked at the sources used by historians in the United States who wrote about modern Germany, and it considered the question of whether history should be considered one of the social sciences. Building on the concept of hard, or scientific, and soft disciplines, three characteristics were identified that would provide objective evidence for the determination of an answer to this question: the percentages of monographs and serials, the percentage of recent sources, and the percentage of self-citation. Following the basic methodology laid down by Fussler, this study analyzed 5,015 references drawn at random from all books and periodicals on modern German history published in 1938, 1960, and 1982. A significant factor influencing all results was the definition of what constituted a countable item, which was placed at the single item level whenever possible. The three major characteristics examined provided the objective evidence sought as to the hardness of history. The ratio of monographs to periodicals (1.21:1) and the subject dispersion (18.1 percent) showed that history belonged with the social sciences. The percentage of recent references (9.5 percent) was the lowest for any discipline and showed that history should be considered one of the humanities. These results, when combined, indicated that history is a soft social science that acts as a bridge to the humanities. Two of the minor characteristics--language of the source and place of publication--clearly revealed the international dimension of history. Over 62 percent of the references were to items in German and over 57 percent of the references to published items were to items published in Germany. The remaining characteristic--the percentage of primary and secondary sources--showed a decline in the percentage of primary sources when compared to previous studies. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG91-18570. AU GIANCARLO, RAFFAELE. TI EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS ON STRINGS. IN Columbia University Ph.D. 1990, 221 pages. SO DAI V52(02), SecB, pp886. DE Physics, Acoustics. Biology, Molecular. AB We consider several computational problems that arise in information retrieval and molecular biology, namely string matching, determination of the RNA secondary structure and various versions of sequence alignment problems. For string matching, we provide new upper and lower bounds on the optimal number of comparisons that any algorithm must perform in order to solve the problem. Our results are based on new combinatorial properties of strings and a new charging mechanism for the amortized analysis of algorithms. For the RNA secondary structure and sequence analysis problems, we show how to obtain fast algorithms by taking advantage of several constraints that the problems must satisfy. AN University Microfilms Order Number ADG91-20716. AU RAINIS, RUSLAN B. TI LINKING LAND CAPABILITY/SUITABILITY ANALYSIS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL MODELS USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS: AN ITERATIVE MODELING APPROACH. IN The Ohio State University Ph.D. 1991, 285 pages. SO DAI V52(02), SecA, pp708. DE Urban and Regional Planning. Geography. Information Science. AB This dissertation has developed a modeling approach that links land capability/suitability analysis with environmental models using geographic information systems. The methodology proposed is implemented mainly in the form of a cartographic model. Environmental simulation technique is used to explicitly quantify and use the magnitude of environmental impacts in allocating land uses to different sites. Land uses are allocated sequentially rather than simultaneously to suit the existing geographic information system (GIS) modeling environment where the capability to solve mathematically rigorous optimization models is not yet available. To further suit the GIS environment and to reduce the computational requirement in implementing it, the methodology also makes use of classification (clustering) and spatial sampling techniques. In order to search for an environmentally acceptable land use plan, the methodology works in an interactive manner. It starts by allocating land uses for the end of a planning horizon. If the environmental impacts of the land uses allocated for this period are not acceptable, the methodology then proceeds to the next iteration by adjusting (reducing) the amounts of land uses to be allocated. This iterative process continues until an environmentally acceptable land use plan is found. The utility of the methodology has been demonstrated in allocating hypothetical urban land uses involving nonpoint source water pollution. The results of the study are quite encouraging. In general, the methodology has generated land use plans that are environmentally better than traditional land capability/suitability analysis, and random generation methods. It was observed that the performance of the methodology is improving as the amount of land uses to be allocated become larger. Contrary to expectation, it was also observed that the random generation method produced land use plans that are environmentally better than the traditional method. The regression of the optimal solutions onto the results of the proposed methodology shows that land uses allocated using the methodology produce environmental impacts that are quite acceptable. As a whole, this study has shown that land capability/suitability analysis, although it has traditionally been used as an approach to integrate various environmental factors, is unable to explicitly quantify and capture the cumulative and combinatorials nature of environmental impacts (either over space or time). The results of this study also suggest that land use planning (non-structural controls) can, up to a certain period, be used as a measure to minimize the environmental impacts of urban nonpoint source pollution on the water quality. ********************************************************** IRLIST Digest is distributed from the University of California, Division of Library Automation, 300 Lakeside Drive, Oakland, CA. 94612-3550. Send subscription requests to: LISTSERV@UCCVMA.BITNET Send submissions to IRLIST to: IR-L@UCCVMA.BITNET Editorial Staff: Clifford Lynch lynch@uccmvsa.ucop.edu or calur@uccmvsa.bitnet Nancy Gusack ncgur@uccmvsa.bitnet Mary Engle engle@cmsa.berkeley.edu or meeur@uccmvsa.bitnet The IRLIST Archives will be set up for anonymous FTP, and the address will be announced in future issues. To access back issues presently, send the message INDEX IR-L to LISTSERV@UCCVMA.BITNET. To get a specific issue listed in the Index, send the message GET IR-L LOG ***, where *** is the month and day on which the issue was mailed, to LISTSERV@UCCVMA.BITNET. These files are not to be sold or used for commercial purposes. Contact Nancy Gusack or Mary Engle for more information on IRLIST. The opinions expressed in IRLIST do not represent those of the editors or the University of California. Authors assume full responsibility for the contents of their submissions to IRLIST.